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Meds That Treat Anxiety

Anxiety is among the most common mental health issues which affects more than 40 million people in the United States. It is extremely treatable, and there are many types of medications available.

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work to alleviate anxiety by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. They're not addictive, unlike benzodiazepines.

SSRIs

The most common anxiety medication is selective serotonin reuptake inhibits (SSRIs), including citalopram, escitalopram, and fluoxetine. These medications are also used to treat depression and relieve symptoms of other anxiety disorders such as obsessive compulsive disorder. They can take up to a month before they begin working.

These drugs work by increasing the amount of certain chemical transmitters in the brain. This includes serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. They're usually the first treatment option for anxiety, however doctors also employ other kinds of antidepressants and benzodiazepines.

Another class of antidepressants called serotonin and norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) such as duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor) are used to treat anxiety. They function a bit differently from SSRIs, as they also reduce the reabsorption of norepinephrine and serotonin, although at lower levels than SSRIs. These medicines can take a while to take effect, and they also tend to be more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) like imipramine (Tofranil) can be effective in treating some anxiety disorders, particularly GAD. Their drowsiness, and other adverse effects are what make them less well-liked. Monoamine oxide inhibitors (MAOIs) are another type of antidepressant that can be used to combat anxiety. Their high toxicity risk and restrictions on diets limit their use.

Benzodiazepines can be used to combat panic attacks and anxiety in the short-term in the meantime, while waiting for SSRIs and SNRIs. These medications can trigger addiction, tolerance, and sedation as well as withdrawal symptoms such as a depression, anxiety treatment cbt, and delirium. Benzodiazepines are typically found in alprazolam as well as clonazepam and lorazepam.

Therapy is a crucial component of any natural anxiety treatments treatment plan. It helps you to better know your symptoms and their root causes. Many people find that therapy and medication both help them cope. Certain studies have demonstrated that cognitive behavioral therapy is as effective as anxiety medications. Talk with your doctor about your options and which is the best medication to treat anxiety option for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines have an calming effect, which can reduce anxiety and relax tense muscles. They also alleviate symptoms of bodily stimulation related to fear (like heart rate or trembling), and promote sleep.

They function by binding to inhibitory neurons, like GABA or gamma aminobutryic acids at receptors in the central nervous system. They enhance the effects of GABA by activating its inhibitory effect on other neurotransmitters and decreasing the amount of messages that are that are transmitted to the amygdala, an area of the brain which detects threats and gives the sensation of fear.

These medications can be used for short durations, such as when you experience a panic attack or when you experience severe anxiety. They can help ease symptoms within 30 to 90 minutes after taking them. Unlike SSRIs which are a long-lasting medication, benzodiazepines do not stay in the body for a long time. They're quick-acting and typically take effect in just a couple of hours, making them suitable for situations where you require quick relief (like during a flight or prior to giving a public presentation).

They are addictive, and people are generally only prescribed them for up to four weeks at a time. After that they also become less effective.

One of the main reasons benzodiazepines became so popular is they were efficient and had a few adverse effects when compared to their predecessors like meprobamate or barbiturates. They are fast in the start of action and are very useful as anxiolytics (anti-anxiety), sedatives, anticonvulsants, as well as for muscle relaxants.

Benzos have been blamed for the negative attitudes towards anxiety that developed in the 1970s and 1980s, which included the trivialization of the disorder and the belief that benzodiazepine natural treatment for anxiety attacks can lead to physical dependence. Despite this they play an important role in the treatment of anxiety disorders, particularly when used in combination with psychosocial interventions like cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy.

Benzos may interact with other medications and cause undesirable side effects like drowsiness or confusion. It is important to inform your doctor know about any other prescription, non-prescription, or herbal medications you are taking or thinking about taking. Check the British National Formulary A to Z list of interactions with medications to find out what medications are safe with benzodiazepines.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants can reduce anxiety and other mental health issues. According to the social anxiety treatment and Depression Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved antidepressants for other health conditions, such as bipolar disorder, eating disorders and certain types of pain.

SSRIs are typically prescribed as a first-line treatment of anxiety by doctors, but they might not be effective for all people. If the antidepressants do not work the doctor might suggest an older version called a tetracyclic or tricyclic antidepressant. These include amitriptyline, nortriptyline, clomipramine and dothiepin, doxepin, trimipramine or imipramine. They're less common than newer antidepressants but are still accessible. You can ask your doctor to prescribe the sedating antidepressant trazodone(Desyrel), at lower doses in case you are experiencing sleep issues or anxiety.

Nefazodone, also known as Ferdinand (Cymbalta) and duloxetine can also be beneficial. These medications are also available in generic forms. If they don't help, your doctor may try the antipsychotics quetiapine and Olanzapine or the tranquilizing antidepressant Mirtazapine.

Beta blockers are used to treat anxiety disorders. They lower heart rate and blood pressure by blocking adrenaline. These medications aren't typically used to treat anxiety by themselves however they can be effective if coupled with psychotherapy.

Psychological therapy can help you to change negative thoughts and behavior patterns that contribute to your anxiety. It can teach you to manage your anxiety and develop coping skills. Depending on your health condition, you could receive exposure or cognitive behavioural therapy. Cognitive behavioural therapy can help you develop the ability to confront negative, fearful thoughts and overcome the fear of situations that cause your anxiety. Exposure therapy involves gradually increasing the intensity of anxiety-provoking situations until you can cope with them. It can be carried out either in a group, or by yourself. In both cases, results can take a while to show. Some people find that the combination of medication and psychotherapy is the best choice. However, others find that medication alone is enough to manage their symptoms. Discuss with your doctor how you manage your symptoms.

Other Medicines

Other medications can aid in relieving your symptoms. Antihistamines and beta blockers are often prescribed to alleviate anxiety.

These medications can help alleviate your symptoms by reducing or blocking signals that trigger stress and fear. They are not a panacea. You will still have to take steps to control anxiety, such as exercises, relaxation techniques and psychological therapy.

Your doctor may initially prescribe one of the "first choice" anxiety medication, which includes SSRIs and SNRIs. According to research, these medications are the most effective for treating anxiety disorders. The most commonly used SSRIs include sertraline (Zoloft), fluoxetine (Prozac) and citalopram (Celexa) and escitalopram (Lexapro). These medications may have minor adverse effects, like insomnia or nausea, but they typically subside within 4-8 weeks. They aren't addictive, and they don't increase the risk of suicidal thoughts.

The benzodiazepines, such as alprazolam, diazepoxide and clonazepam (Valium) are a quick relief from panic and anxiety attacks. However, they may cause adverse effects, including drowsiness and dizziness. They can also cause problems with coordination and memory, and even dependence. These drugs are less popular than the older barbiturates, but they are equally effective.

Antihistamines like Vistaril (hydroxyzine), were created to treat allergies, but they're also sometimes used to ease anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine can have a calming affect by blocking histamine receptors. It's not a controlled drug which means it doesn't carry the same dangers of addiction like benzodiazepines.

Another kind of medication that may help with anxiety is a class of medications known as anticonvulsants, which have been shown to relieve anxiety by affecting the release and production of dopamine and serotonin. They may be prescribed in conjunction with other drugs or as a temporary treatment for anxiety. Your doctor will examine your medical history and symptoms to determine if these drugs are suitable for you. They'll also discuss the length of time you should be taking them and any possible adverse effects. Anxiety medication is only available through prescription, so a psychiatrist will be required to prescribe it.